Network repeaters
regenerate incoming electrical, wireless or optical signals. With physical
media like Ethernet or Wi-Fi, data transmissions can only span a limited
distance before the quality of the signal degrades. Repeaters attempt to
preserve signal integrity and extend the distance over which data can safely
travel.
Actual network
devices that serve as repeaters usually have some other name. Active hubs, for
example, are repeaters. Active hubs are sometimes also called "multiport
repeaters," but more commonly they are just "hubs." Other types
of "passive hubs" are not repeaters. In Wi-Fi, access points function
as repeaters only when operating in so-called "repeater mode."
Higher-level devices
in the OSI model like switches and routers generally do not incorporate the
functions of a repeater. All repeaters are technically OSI physical layer
devices.
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